Silma Subah Raisa
University of Iowa, United States
Abstract Title: A Practical, Evidence-Based Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Hypertension in Clinical Practice
Biography:
Dr. Silma Subah Raisa is a physician with a background in internal medicine and clinical research. She obtained her MBBS degree from Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Bangladesh, and has a strong interest in cardiovascular risk reduction and evidence-based clinical practice. Her academic interests include hypertension management, preventive cardiology, and guideline-directed therapy. She is currently based in Iowa, USA, and is actively involved in scholarly and educational activities.
Research Interest:
Background: Hypertension remains the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite well-established clinical guidelines, blood pressure control rates remain suboptimal due to delayed diagnosis, therapeutic inertia, and inconsistent application of evidence-based management strategies.
Objective: To provide a concise, evidence-based narrative review of contemporary approaches to the diagnosis and management of hypertension, with emphasis on practical strategies applicable to routine clinical practice.
Methods: A narrative review of current international hypertension guidelines and high-quality clinical literature was conducted, focusing on diagnostic thresholds, cardiovascular risk stratification, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies, and individualized blood pressure targets.
Results: Accurate blood pressure measurement and risk-based diagnosis are essential for effective hypertension management. Lifestyle modification remains foundational therapy, while pharmacologic treatment should be initiated early in patients with elevated cardiovascular risk. Combination therapy is frequently required to achieve target blood pressure goals, with renin–angiotensin system inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and thiazide-type diuretics forming the cornerstone of treatment. Emerging evidence supports individualized blood pressure targets based on age, comorbidities, and overall cardiovascular risk.
Conclusion: A structured, guideline-directed approach to hypertension management can significantly improve blood pressure control and reduce cardiovascular events. Early diagnosis, timely treatment intensification, and individualized care remain key components of optimal hypertension management in clinical practice.
Keywords Hypertension; Blood pressure management; Cardiovascular risk; Clinical guidelines; Preventive cardiology